Study on Mechanical and Durability Properties of M30 and M40 Sustainable Concrete Containing Copper Slag and Eggshell Powder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66132/ngce20260301Keywords:
Portland cement , Copper slag, Eggshell Power, Compressive strengthAbstract
As a result of growing consumption of sand from a natural river and Portland cement in concrete manufacturing, there are environmental problems such as resource depletion and emission of carbon. Using industrial and agricultural waste as alternative building material can be a sustainable way to overcome environmental impacts along with maintaining concrete performance. In this research, the durability and mechanical characteristics of M30 and M40 grade concrete with copper slag (CS) partially replacing fine aggregate and partial substitution of cement by eggshell powder (ESP) have been experimentally investigated. CS was used in percentages of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, and ESP was kept constant at 5% cement replacement ratio. The slump test was used to analyse the qualities of fresh concrete, while the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests were used to analyse the properties of hardened concrete. The experimental findings indicate that the greater the proportion of copper slag utilized, the better workability because of the poor absorption of water capacity and smoother particle surface of the copper slag. Because of effective particle packing and better interfacial interaction between aggregate and the cement matrix, the mechanical characteristics were considerably improved up to 30% of copper slag substitution. The strength somewhat decreased after this percentage, which was explained by the increase in the water-to-cement ratio. The optimum concrete mix with 30% of copper slag and 5% eggshell powder showed excellent compressive, tensile, and flexural strength without compromising on the durability features. The results prove that the copper slag and eggshell powder can be efficiently used as sustainable materials for structural concrete.
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Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The data include the experimental measurements, mix design details, and test results generated during the investigation of concrete incorporating copper slag and eggshell powder. No publicly available repository was used for this dataset.
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