Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Agricultural Extension

Abstract

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have emerged as transformative tools in agricultural extension by enhancing the efficiency, reach and effectiveness of knowledge dissemination to farming communities. This article examines the role of ICTs in modernizing agricultural extension systems, with particular emphasis on the tools and platforms used, their impact on farmers’ knowledge and adoption behavior and the challenges limiting their effectiveness. ICT tools such as radio, television, mobile phones, internet-based platforms, social media, decision support systems and digital advisory services complement conventional extension approaches and address long-standing constraints related to manpower shortages, geographical isolation and information delays. ICT-based extension significantly improves farmers’ access to timely and reliable information, enhances awareness and adoption of improved agricultural practices, increases productivity and income and supports risk management and sustainable farming. A part from the uses of ICT, it also faces critical challenges, including the digital divide, low digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, content relevance issues and institutional and governance constraints, which limit equitable access and impact. Overall, the importance of ICT-enabled extension is a key component of future strategies for sustainable agricultural development and improved farmer livelihoods.